like brooks said Derk. I think you would do better with a new tin, and the tubes put in the deep end. this is a flash boiler of sorts, and it basic function is to flash steam the water in the "boiler" where it explodes out, the drive tubes being cooler and the 'boiler" evacuated causes water to re=enter the system to repeat the process. the benefit of the diaphragm system you have here is the bi-metal diaphragm gives an extra push as it deflects, and draws the water back in as is reflexes..
that's a simple way of putting it and I'm sure someone more experienced will correct me.. but that's the gist of it.. this is also why I believe, and once again. folks, please feel free to correct me, that the flash tube is more efficient, because it does not require the mechanical push back of the diaphragm, the coil is simply flash boil , push condense, draw, repeat.
it just doesn't have the cool pop=pop sound that that diaphragm type boiler does
but as brooks pointed out.. this type of boiler pushes out the majority of its boiler water in its power cycle. so more often than not.. that thing is dry.. so .. yer working for a few power cycles before the heat catches up with you then BAM! critical failure.
so.. what I would do.. and someone else may come around and tell me I'm full of it.. I would get a new tin, because honestly? the body looks perfect. rotate the tin to the deep end for the tubes, replace the lid of the tin with brass, and giving that brass a bit of a up bend would not hurt.. then hot solder the whole thing with 95/5 plumbers solder, flux everything, and a propane torch should melt you in good.
bleed that solder in like you were doing a pipe fitting.. because, well.. you are..
once again.. its just how I would do it, and I'm still an idiot for most of this stuff, so someone might come back and correct me if I messed anything up, but that's what these forums are for..
looking at your pics of the original. to ME.. it looks like yer trying to do the job with rosin core electrical solder and a 40 to 100 watt pen iron..
once again.. not trying to offend, but if thats the case? then that's why its blowing out. 95/5 will melt and weep with a propane torch.. with metal thickness yer dealing with? keep the flame low and tight and try to heat up only the areas you need to. MAPP burns nice and hot, and can easily blow out that tin., you could probably even get away with using a butane micro torch, hell, even better would be a oxy acetylene with a micro tip.
but the temps and pressure involved? rosin core electrical solder is just not going to cut it, the melt temp is far too low, a sterno flame will melt that stuff, i have first hand experience on that.
good luck! and I intend to take my own advice