Nov 18, 2012, 06:32 AM
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Martin and Osa Johnson were pioneers in three disparate but interconnected fields: motion pictures, aviation and environmentalism. As a husband and wife team of nature photographers, they were the first to eschew staged scenes for real-life footage, and in the days before telephoto lenses it often placed them in harmís way. Martin often brought his camera as close as ten feet of animals like rhinoceros and elephants; Osa stood by with a rifle in case things did not go as planned. On one occasion, a rhino charged Martin, but before it could reach him Osa shot it dead - an impromptu sequence that Martin captured on film! The Johnsons often captured scenes of nature they simply stumbled upon, and helped bring true images of the South Seas, Africa and Borneo to an audience raised on tall tales and myths and inspired hundreds of people to take up the study of natural science as a career, helping to provide a foundation for todayís greater respect for environmental issues.
For their 1933 and 1934 expeditions across Africa, the Johnsons purchased two Sikorsky flying boats: an S-38 called 'Osa's Ark' and an S-39 dubbed 'Spirit of Africa'. These aircraft provided a platform for remarkable footage of vast herds of wild animals on the plains of East Africa; they also made the Johnsons (and pilot Vern Carstens, who flew the ěSpirit of Africaî) the first to fly over Mount Kilimanjaro and Mount Kenya.
The Johnsons continued to explore the world and take their films on tour until 1937, when the Boeing 247 they were flying on as passengers crashed, killing Martin and badly injuring Osa. She stopped her explorations but turned to writing, penning her autobiography 'I Married Adventure' in 1940. She died of a heart attack in 1952.
The S-39 was one of Sikorsky's remarkable flying boat designs of the 1920s and 1930s. Even at the height of the depression, the company sold 23 of the boats, which went for $20,000 fully equipped. The S-39 was deceivingly rugged; on its first flight, the test pilot looped the ungainly-looking craft! Powered by a single Pratt & Whitney Wasp Jr. engine, the plane was capable of a top speed of 119 mph, a decent pace for a civilian aircraft of the era.
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